![]() ![]() Nessus: A vulnerability assessment scanner that checks for conditions such as software misconfiguration or deprecation, insecure or missing passwords and denial-of-service attack vulnerabilities which might allow a malicious attacker to gain access to - or total control over - a system.Maltego: An open-source link analysis and data mining tool.HTTrack: An open-source web crawler which allows users to download entire websites to a local, offline computer for forensic analysis.Hackers use tools that can test for a variety of security issues, including misconfiguration of software present on the targeted server, the presence of common or unchanged default passwords, outdated software in need of updating or patching and similar security issues. This information can then be used to narrow down the kinds of software known to commonly run on various hardware configurations. ![]() Information about a target system’s physical hardware can be found through various means, often by carefully examining the responses various software subsystems send when initiating (or even sometimes rejecting) inbound connections. This can be done in a variety of ways, but it is most often done by using automated tools that scan a server for known vulnerabilities. This includes identifying the target system and gathering salient details about its IP address, operating system, hardware, network configuration and infrastructure, DNS records and so on. The first phase of any hacking attempt generally involves the collection of information about the relevant target.
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